Past Financial Bubbles- an Explanation.

One of the oldest recorded financial bubble is Tulip mania in Netherlands. Tulip was brought to Netherlands by the ottoman empire. Initially, it was introduced there in 1590. Slowly cultivation of tulips was started and it soon attracted the attention of the whole Netherlands. Rich people got it in their households these tulips as a status symbol. Soon a craze for Tulips started in the country. Normally, it will take 6 to 7 years to get a tulip bulbs from the plant. So, as the demand picked, new varieties of Tulips were being cultivated, many people joined the bandwagon and almost all in Netherlands was directly or indirectly growing or trading or investing in Tulips.

As the prices of this tulips have gone astronomically, everybody is investing their savings and other money in Tulips. This mania continued for 40 since it started. By the time of its peak, a Tulip is trading more than 10 times the salary of an ordinary worker of that Country.

This Tulip mania has gripped Netherlands and the prices were going up, going up only. Every household in Netherlands is holding Tulip bulbs according to their financial capacity. One fine morning, around the 1737, the prices of Tulips started coming down. The prices were dropping on every passing day. The investors in the tulips are getting wary and they hoped that the situation would soon improve. But it moved otherwise.

So soon everybody started selling it pulling the prices further down, creating further panic among the population. Then only the people realized that they had grown, traded and invested a asset which is worthless to the money that was given. But before they realized the damage was already done. The whole of Netherlands were in financial ruins. The tulips were trading at rock bottom price. There were no buyers and soon tulips of any variety turned worthless within in one or two years.

The rich had become paupers at that time and the poor had become beggars at that time. The whole of Netherlands suffered for more than 2 or 3 decades because the crash in the prices of Tulips.

A worthless Tulip flower was inflated in price simply by the people’s greediness to dizzy height only to come down to few pennies due to the fear of losing the money. This type of process is financial Bubble. Financial Bubble will always burst.

Don’t be a part of a Bubble.

How will IPOs perform in coming months?

IPO is an acronym for Initial Public Offering. IPO is the initial offerings of a company in the form of shares to their share holders at the start of a new company or at the time of expansion of a existing company.

IPOs are being offered by companies that wants the money from the company for their project. People those who are interested in the project of the company or those people who have confidence in the management of the company would subscribe for the shares that is being offered according to their will.

If the IPO is subscribed fully then we can say, people has confidence in that particular company. If it is oversubscribed, then it shows the interest of the investors in that company. If it under subscribed then it shows there lack of faith in that company.

Investors’ interests in investing in IPOs are affected by the various factors. One of the biggest and most influential factor is sentiment in the secondary Markets. If the sentiment is bullish, the IPO will subscribe fully, if not it will flop in the IPO Market.

In any market, the sentiment would be bullish only during Bull Markets. So IPOs will be successful only during the course of the Bull Market or in the end of the bull market. But in Bull markets, the IPOs are priced highly. In bear markets how much ever good project will be bombarded in the IPO market.

But as an investor it is always best to invest during Bear Markets. Simply it is good because it will be priced lowly.

Risk versus reward

Risk is always directly proportionate to reward. The same holds good in investments also. The riskier investments are always give good returns. For example, Investing in Stock is riskier than investing in Real estate. Investing in real estate is riskier than investing in Gold. Investing in Gold is riskier than investing in Bonds. Investing in Bonds is riskier than fixed deposits.

When taking into consideration, investing in Stocks are looking riskiest of all. Dow was trading around 14000 in 2007 and it traded around 7000 in 2009 march. The Indian BSE Index Sensex was trading around 2100 those on January 2008, but by 2008 October, it depreciated by more 60 percent. The Chinese stock market Index was trading around 6100 in October 2007 and by October 2008, it was trading around 1670.

Investments in Stocks would have given negative return to one’s portfolio. Whereas, those who have invested in Gold, would be in good profits till now. Likewise those who have invested in fixed deposits would have got a fixed small return.

But in the longer run, say in another 5 years, Dow may be trading above 25000, Sensex may be trading above 50000 or Shanghai Index may be trading above 15000. If you take in to consideration the return we get from these Indices, it would be phenomenal. Stocks are riskier but in the longer run it will perform above other assets.

So risk is always is directly proportionate to rewards. In one’s portfolio all types of investment of various risks should be maintained for successful investing. One should not choose only a particular asset class. One should choose right mixture of assets including high risk stocks and low risk fixed deposits.

Happy investing.

Scams and Stock Markets?

Whenever a bull market is over, a scam would emerge at that time. The person who is so bullish on that Market or a sector would be jailed because of scam. In 1992, Harshad Mehta a leading Stock Broker at that time was arrested for frauding some leading Banks and Financial Institutions.

In 2000, Ketan Parkeh, a leading Investor and operator of the Stock Market was arrested for swindling some Bank’s Money. In 2009, Ramalinga Raju of Satyam Computers was for cooking up his company’s accounts.

In US, Bernard Madoff, who was running a ponzi scheme based on Stock Market, was arrested for defrauding the Investors. In Germany also a major scam was known at that time. And also in all countries minor scams were unearthed.

Why scams are are being unearthed only during the start of the bear market or in middle of the bear markets. Let me explain the mechanism. During Bull Markets, price of stocks are moving steadily up. So, a confidence has been built over these years about the market that the price will go forever. Once the trend changes as no trend will continue forever, the scamsters failing to foresee the change in trend get trapped in their own landmines only to be blown away.

Don’t think any trend will be there forever.

Brain Drain has stopped or not?

In India, IITs (Indian Institute of Technology) was incorporated in various parts of the Country by the Indian Government, after a special resolution was passed in the parliament.

These Institutions remained the premiere Institutions in India, as for as higher studies are concerned. The Government pumped so much of money into these Institutions to boost the academic levels of the Country and to make students as competitive as any students in the developed Country.

But for the past thirty years, most of the passed out students placed them in jobs outside Indian, mostly in USA and European. Though the purpose of starting IITs is for improving the Country, the purpose is not fulfilled, as those who studied here in IITs had gone to US or Europe for the jobs and the investment put by India on those students were not utilized for India.

For the past three decades, the debate on this subject of Brain drain has taken place in all circles of the Country. But, now the trend has changed. We have seen some US and European Nationals have come to India for working in leading IT and Telecom Companies.

Now it seems the brain drain has started to stop. The sole reason for this is the massive economic growth we have seen in India. The GDP grew more than 8% for the past three years. Becoming of an IT Capital of world has boosted the pay for the employees and for some of them, the salary is much more than what their counterparts are getting in US or Europe.

This has stopped the brain drain as the IITician’s are getting abundant opportunities in India itself.  The purpose of starting the IITs has fulfilled after more than 3 decades. If this growth continues in India further, even foreign would come to work in India.

The days may not be too far.