How Bank can Control Internal Transfer Rate -1

Today the majority of banks have developed an approach by internal transfer rates. The approach differs depending on the size, the activity of institutions and the role of the ALM (Asset Liability Management or ALM).

However, she always intended to measure the contribution of the financial and commercial sphere to the MNI (and GNP).

The TCI is the center of trade between these two spheres, it is the price at which business units, respectively, puts or refinancing their resources and jobs to the ALM.

The TCI is usually built for a loan from the backing of the rate of "flux flow" of the operation, taking into account the refinancing costs, plus the cost of contract options (caps, floors ...) or customer (option prepayment ...). Thus, the performance of transactions by trading is not affected by changes in the market because the risk is transferred to ALM.

CFOs have responded to the problems of development of ICT and the processes that are derived are now under control. However, refunds are made which are not always effective to control the performance of the Bank.
To do this, banks must transform TCI management tool of the act by providing a commercial return consistent at all levels (commercial, financial, decision-maker).

Ideally ICT must be used at the proposal stage to project the commercial profitability of the customer. Indeed to drive the business effectively, we must take into account all the elements that run with the client's portfolio. But if the TCI enables sales to act on the elements they control (as the financial risks are carried by the ALM), it does not enhance the overall customer or business. Similarly, agency officials must be able to make the same tests at their level.

Financial Services And Country Risk

Importantly, to attract new customers, foreign banks will make their reputation in the region by addressing several areas (retail banking, asset management ...) and extending their geographical coverage, in contrast to local, often focused on a number few countries. This strategy requires a deployment capitalizing on existing settlements, focusing on synergies (sharing of customer data ...), and market knowledge already acquired with the risks, a decisive element in the investment decision.


Indeed, Central Europe in particular differs from other popular markets like China and India by showing a mainly political and economic situation almost stabilized. Of course some main regulatory obstacles remain, like the restrictions governing credit growth, to inhibit growth in net banking income. Also binding regulations set by some central banks in the region often impose bureaucratic processes. Also, banks will have to deal with financial transparency may be limited, to understand the economic health of their third example.

However, the states of Central Europe, mostly integrated into the EU, should be quickly put in line with European standards and guidelines and promote the establishment of foreign banks. Their alignment of means of payment or accounting standards is remarkable.

Still, the disparities within the region persist. Some states of Eastern Europe have large current account deficits and political instability, like the Balkans. Therefore, it is questionable whether these countries will be able to follow the path of the "leading countries" such as Slovenia, Hungary or the Czech Republic and converge to a stable market economy and conducive to the rapid emergence of financial services. From this perspective, Europe is undoubtedly a great ally.

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Financial Services

Consequently, the CEECs converge progressively towards consumption standards similar to those observed in Western Europe and reveal a proven potential for banking services. Although over 80% in Croatia or the Czech Republic, the rate remains low in most countries of the area, such as Romania, Bulgaria or Ukraine. As proof, the share of deposits to GDP stagnated in the latter State to 23% in 2005 against 90% for the euro area. Initiated fewer than twenty years, the transition from a de facto demonetized from Soviet pattern and a market economy is new and explains the low level of banking services. Therefore the CEEC are in a learning phase of the "bank" and the concepts and mechanisms inherent in the savings and credit, in a context marked by the absence of national champions or at local banks reference.

Thus, despite the rise of some local industry the development opportunities are real and evidenced by the growing demand for consumer credit or to the habitat. In addition to the benefits of the wave of privatizations, banking and investment also benefits from the financing needs of state and local governments under-equipped and is involved in the emergence of large industrial groups in the region.


To exploit these opportunities and differentiate themselves from their local competitors, foreign banks can rely on better product knowledge, particularly in private banking, where financial engineering is growing rapidly. The increased standard of living behind the rapid growth of the CEECs argues for a broader offering to meet increased need for diversified products, at least in the country’s most bank accounts or may become a near horizon. Meanwhile, banks will have to segment their offer and better distinguish the customers 'standards' of "tributaries" in particular financing. In this context, a solid local employee is no longer a luxury. They will have to learn to build a trusting relationship with customers, whose perception of banks is still mixed. The practice of clear and transparent pricing and secure banking will improve this perception.

The Economic Capital Requirements

The economic method goes further in the correlation of risks. Thus, the approach in terms of economic capital it often leads to a discussion of possible spin-off or termination of activities too inefficient because too greedy in equity (although sometimes very profitable). This view of risk thus favors an approach that is more conservative but also more efficient in the management of financial institutions.


Based on calculation methods close, the two types of capital are in fact in the service of distinct interest. Regulatory capital are primarily intended to maintain the solvency of all financial markets in order to avoid systemic risk, with, ultimately, the aim of guaranteeing the rights of depositors. And, in addition to these economic goals, regulation responds to political ends, as shown in the measure of risk for companies. Indeed, the method of calculating the risk Basel II is a purpose not to penalize SMEs in their research funding from major groups.

Conversely, the economic capital requirements respond first and foremost the concern to maximize business performance, and taking into account the risk is on the basis of this single purpose. Market stability, which is an end in itself in the regulatory framework is a result driven by the desire to improve the profitability of each financial institution.

Thus, the changes marked by the Basel II promote convergence of regulatory capital to their economic equivalents. But if the approach in terms of economic capital can meet some regulatory requirements, it remains primarily a lever that should enable financial institutions to improve and better manage financial performance.

The economic approach thus requires overcoming the only framework set by the Basel Committee, which is reflected in the efforts and significant investments in collecting the necessary data and developing models related. A close collaboration between the Risk Management, Finance and the various trades is also required with a strong involvement of the "top management" to ensure proper deployment of the approach in the establishment. So many projects and milestones that represent the next challenges banks for years to come...